PAYYU MATCH TECHNICAL LIBRARY
Intralogistics knowledge centre
Seventy-nine technical guides covering forklifts, safety, energy, fleet management, pallets, containers and warehouse operations.
01
Forklifts and safety
EU forklift safety legislation and CE conformity guide
A technical guide to Regulation (EU) 2023/1230, CE conformity, EN/ISO industrial-truck standards, IEC 62485 battery safety, EMC, ATEX and procurement acceptance checks.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyActive forklift stability and speed management
Explains curve control, mast and load-height monitoring, speed zoning, sensors, interlocks and telematics used to reduce operating risk.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyCounterbalance forklift guide
Covers the operating principle, front axle, mast, forks, load centre, counterweight, three- and four-wheel layouts, energy options and capacity relationships.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyExplosion-protected forklifts and hazardous-area classification
A selection guide for explosive atmospheres covering ATEX zones, gas and dust groups, temperature class, equipment category, marking and maintenance.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift service weight, axle load and floor loading
Explains service weight, laden and unladen axle load, wheel and point load, contact pressure and their effect on warehouse floors.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift battery and energy management
A guide to lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries, charging strategy, BMS functions, capacity selection and shift-energy planning.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift battery capacity, shifts and opportunity charging
Covers usable kWh, duty profile, break-time charging, multi-shift operation and reserve-capacity planning.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift attachment selection and capacity effects
Reviews attachment weight, load centre, forward distance, residual capacity, hydraulic flow, mounting and capacity-plate requirements.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift fork types, dimensions and fork class
Explains blade, shank, heel, hooks, length, width and thickness, ISO 2328 classes, ISO 2330 capacity and fork extensions.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift impact measurement and alarm thresholds
A telematics guide to accelerometers, g values, impact duration, sensor position, filtering and site-specific threshold calibration.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyDynamic forklift stability: speed, cornering and braking
Explains how speed, turning radius, lateral acceleration, braking, elevated loads, gradients and uneven floors influence dynamic stability.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift steering and turning geometry
Covers rear-wheel steering, Wa turning radius, inner turning radius, three- versus four-wheel layouts, tail swing and the Ast relationship.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift visibility, blind spots and camera systems
Reviews direct visibility, mast- and load-induced blind spots, fork cameras, rear-view and 360-degree systems and AI detection.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyDaily forklift operator inspection checklist
A practical guide to pre-shift inspection, operator-level care, critical-defect reporting and end-of-shift handover.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift safety-system selection guide
Compares AI cameras, radar, RFID/UWB, speed zoning and telematics against the actual risk profile of the site.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift speed limits, speed zoning and site mapping
Covers fixed limits, dynamic curve control, location-based speed zones, positioning technologies and site commissioning.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift OHS equipment: mandatory and risk-based systems
Summarises seat restraints, Blue Spot, Red Zone, digital checklists, warnings, cameras, speed control and the distinction between legal and risk-based measures.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyHow to read a forklift capacity plate
Explains rated, actual and residual capacity, load centre, lift height, mast and attachment information on a load chart.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift tyre types and applications
Compares superelastic, solid, pneumatic, cushion, press-on-band and polyurethane wheels by floor, vibration, load, speed and environment.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift tyres, floors and traction management
A guide to solid, superelastic, pneumatic and polyurethane tyres, traction, heat, wear and replacement criteria.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift mast types and free lift
Explains simplex, duplex and triplex masts, free lift and full free lift, h1–h4 dimensions, doorway clearance and lift height.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyWhat is a forklift? Types and classifications
Introduces industrial trucks including counterbalance forklifts, reach trucks, stackers, pallet trucks and order pickers.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift operator training and competence management
Covers theory, practical training, site assessment, authorisation by truck class and refresher-training controls.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift periodic inspection, maintenance and service management
Connects shift checks, planned maintenance, statutory inspection, defects, work orders and controlled return to service.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift ramp operation and gradient calculation
Explains percentage and degree gradients, gradeability, laden and unladen travel, braking and stability on ramps.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift charger selection and charging infrastructure
Covers charger voltage, current, charging profile, communication, connector selection and electrical-infrastructure requirements.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift operation in cold stores and low temperatures
Reviews condensation, ice, batteries, hydraulics, cabins, transition zones, visibility and maintenance in cold environments.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift stability triangle and centre of gravity
Explains the combined centre of gravity, forward and lateral tip lines, load moment and counterweight relationship.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyHow to read a forklift technical data sheet
Defines Q, c, x, y, h1–h4, l1, l2, b1, b5, Wa and Ast for reliable technical comparison.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift telematics and fleet KPI guide
Explains utilisation, idle time, energy, impacts, maintenance, cost and operator KPIs for forklift fleets.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift–pedestrian traffic management and collision prevention
Covers physical separation, controlled crossings, speed zones, proximity detection and AI cameras in warehouses and production sites.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyUsed-forklift inspection and purchase checks
A due-diligence guide to identity, hours, capacity plate, mast, hydraulics, battery or engine, safety tests and lifecycle cost.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyLead-acid forklift batteries: charging and maintenance
Covers charging, electrolyte level, topping-up water, ventilation, equalisation and routine maintenance.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyLithium-ion forklift batteries and BMS
Explains cells, BMS, temperature controls, contactors, CAN communication, alarms and safe charging.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyOperator authorisation, digital checklist and interlock
Connects RFID authorisation, pre-shift digital checks, critical-defect lockout, service work orders and the audit trail.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyOrder pickers and picking systems
Explains low-, medium- and high-level order pickers, operator platforms, picking height, VNA guidance and safety requirements.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyWhat is a reach truck? Operating principle
Covers retractable mast or carriage, support arms, load wheels, narrow aisles, high racking and residual capacity.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetySide loaders and multidirectional forklifts
Explains side loaders, four-way and multidirectional trucks for long loads, profiles, pipe, timber, side loading and narrow aisles.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyWhat is a stacker? Types and applications
Covers pedestrian, platform, straddle and double stackers, masts, support arms, lift height and capacity.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyTow tractors, tugger trains and milk-run systems
Explains tugs, trailers, towing capacity, drawbar pull, route design, train length and production logistics.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyPallet trucks: manual and powered types
Covers hand and powered pedestrian or rider pallet trucks, load wheels, fork geometry, pallet compatibility and applications.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyVNA forklifts and very-narrow-aisle systems
Explains turret trucks, man-up and man-down configurations, rail or wire guidance, turret heads and VNA warehouse design.
Read guide →Forklifts and safetyForklift load centre and residual capacity
Explains load-centre distance, attachment weight, load moment, lift height and the resulting residual capacity.
Read guide →02
Technical subject hubs
AGV, AMR and warehouse automation
Technical content on driverless vehicles, navigation, material flow, functional safety and system integration.
Read guide →Technical subject hubsBatteries, charging and energy
Technical content on lead-acid and lithium batteries, BMS, charging infrastructure, capacity and shift energy.
Read guide →Technical subject hubsWarehouse, racking and aisle design
Technical content on Ast, rack-to-truck compatibility, VNA, reach trucks and warehouse capacity.
Read guide →Technical subject hubsEnergy transition and sustainability
Technical content on forklift electrification, energy consumption, CO₂ impact, charging infrastructure and TCO.
Read guide →Technical subject hubsFleet management and telematics
Technical content on telematics, DVIR, RFID, impacts, speed, maintenance, cost and fleet KPIs.
Read guide →Technical subject hubsForklift economics and TCO
Technical content on investment, energy, maintenance, downtime, rental, residual value and total cost.
Read guide →Technical subject hubsMasts, forks and attachments
Technical content on mast designs, fork types, attachment selection and residual capacity.
Read guide →Technical subject hubsSpecial operating environments
Technical content on cold stores, outdoor sites, corrosive areas, special loads and explosive atmospheres.
Read guide →Technical subject hubsTechnical glossary and standards
References for industrial-truck terminology and ISO, EN, IEC, FEM, VDI, CE and regulatory requirements.
Read guide →Technical subject hubsLoad centre, capacity and stability
Technical content on load centre, residual capacity, the stability triangle and dynamic balance.
Read guide →Technical subject hubsFloors, ramps, tyres and wheels
Technical content on floor loading, gradeability, tyre selection, traction and wear.
Read guide →03
Containers
Container types and dimensions
Compare 20 ft, 40 ft and High Cube container types, internal and door dimensions and operating differences.
Read guide →Containers20, 40, 40 HC and 45 HC container dimensions
Compares external, internal and door dimensions, volume, tare, payload and maximum gross mass.
Read guide →ContainersWhat are CSC, tare, payload, max gross and VGM?
Explains the CSC plate, tare, payload, maximum gross mass, VGM and SOLAS Methods 1 and 2.
Read guide →ContainersHow to read an ISO 6346 container number
Explains the BIC owner code, equipment identifier, serial number, check digit and common size/type codes.
Read guide →ContainersWhat is a container? Types and principal dimensions
Introduces 20 and 40 Dry, 40 and 45 High Cube, reefer, open-top and flat-rack containers, payload, tare and ISO codes.
Read guide →ContainersHow many pallets fit in 20 ft and 40 ft containers?
Reviews EURO, 1200 × 1000 and CP3 pallet layouts, geometry and payload limits across common containers.
Read guide →ContainersHow to calculate loose-carton container loading
Covers carton rotation, layer count, payload, volume utilisation, door clearance and stacking strength.
Read guide →ContainersReefer, open-top and flat-rack containers
Explains applications, principal dimensions, temperature control, top loading, out-of-gauge cargo and payload.
Read guide →ContainersContainer load distribution, centre of gravity and securing
Covers load distribution, concentrated loads, blocking, bracing, dunnage and lashing principles.
Read guide →ContainersTechnical container-loading checklist
A before, during and final check of CSC status, damage, cleanliness, payload, distribution, securing and VGM.
Read guide →04
Pallets and load carriers
Pallet types and dimensions
Compare EUR/EPAL, industrial, ISO and GMA pallet sizes, applications and forklift or warehouse implications.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriers1200 × 1000 industrial pallet dimensions
Covers the industrial pallet family, EPAL 2 characteristics, fork entry, load capacity and relevant ISO and EN standards.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriersTwo-way and four-way pallets and fork-entry directions
Explains entry geometry, forklift and pallet-truck access, fork compatibility, load centre and warehouse effects.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriers600 × 400 quarter pallets, CHEP and display pallets
Covers quarter-pallet dimensions, plastic display pallets, handling compatibility, retail use and technical references.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriers800 × 600 half pallets: EPAL 6, EPAL 7 and Düsseldorf
Compares half-pallet variants, capacity, forklift compatibility and retail applications.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriersWood, plastic and metal pallet comparison
Compares hygiene, durability, repair, automation, export use, weight and total utilisation cost.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriersCP1–CP9 chemical pallets: dimensions and applications
Reviews skid and frame designs, dimensions, container compatibility, forklift handling and technical references.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriersEPAL box pallet / Gitterbox: dimensions and capacity
Covers dimensions, 1,500 kg working load, 0.75 m³ volume, handling, stacking, marking and standards.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriersEURO / EPAL pallet: dimensions, capacity and markings
Explains the 1200 × 800 structure, four-way entry, safe working load, markings and technical standards.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriersForklift fork and pallet compatibility
Reviews fork length, thickness, width, spacing and pallet-entry height for safe handling compatibility.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriersISPM 15 export pallets, HT and IPPC marking
Explains scope, heat treatment, IPPC marks, treatment codes, exempt wood products and Turkish application.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriersPallet capacity: static, dynamic and racking loads
Defines static, handling and racking loads, safe working load and maximum working load.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriersWhat is a pallet? Types, dimensions and compatibility
Introduces pallet types, standard sizes, two- and four-way entry, forklift compatibility, capacity and ISPM 15.
Read guide →Pallets and load carriersRoll containers, stillages and transport racks
Explains roll containers, stillages, post and cage pallets, bespoke transport racks, handling, safety and standards.
Read guide →05